`causewaystudy.com`

DNSSEC	⚠️ Not signed
A	20.107.224.57^{🇮🇪 Microsoft20.64.0.0/10}
NS	`ns1.ie.topsec.com` ⭐
		A	3.251.73.93^{🇮🇪 Amazon3.248.0.0/13 EC2 DUB prefix}
			PTR	`ec2-3-251-73-93.eu-west-1.compute.amazonaws.com`
NS	`ns2.ie.topsec.com`
		A	54.194.181.89^{🇮🇪 Amazon54.194.0.0/16 VPC DUB 54.194.0.0/16}
			PTR	`ec2-54-194-181-89.eu-west-1.compute.amazonaws.com`
NS	`ns3.ca.topsec.com`
		A	35.215.15.148^{🇨🇦 Google35.215.0.0/18}
			PTR	`ns3.ca.topsec.com`
NS	`ns4.eu.topsec.com`
		A	78.46.147.245^{🇩🇪 Hetzner78.46.0.0/15 HETZNER-RZ-NBG-BLK5}
			PTR	`static.245.147.46.78.clients.your-server.de`
TXT	`v=spf1 -all`
SOA	`ns1.ie.topsec.com`hostmaster@topsec.com 2026-03-12 #1

`com`

	DNSSEC	🔒 Signed (DS record present)
	NS	`a.gtld-servers.net` ⭐
	NS	`b.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`c.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`d.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`e.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`f.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`g.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`h.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`i.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`j.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`k.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`l.gtld-servers.net`
	NS	`m.gtld-servers.net`
	SOA	`a.gtld-servers.net`nstld@verisign-grs.com serial=1771291435

DNS History

16 records (5 active, 11 former)

○NSns0.reg365.net2016-12-17 → 2016-12-17 · 3 obs

● 2016-12-17 00:27:16
○ 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

●NSns1.ie.topsec.com2026-03-12 → 2026-03-12 · 3 obs

○ 2017-11-28 15:37:40
● 2026-03-12 22:06:40
● 2026-03-12 22:06:42

○NSns1.ie.topsectechnology.net2017-11-28 → 2017-11-28 · 4 obs

○ 2016-12-17 00:27:16
● 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

○NSns1.reg365.net2016-12-17 → 2016-12-17 · 3 obs

● 2016-12-17 00:27:16
○ 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

●NSns2.ie.topsec.com2026-03-12 → 2026-03-12 · 3 obs

○ 2017-11-28 15:37:40
● 2026-03-12 22:06:40
● 2026-03-12 22:06:42

○NSns2.ie.topsectechnology.net2017-11-28 → 2017-11-28 · 4 obs

○ 2016-12-17 00:27:16
● 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

○NSns2.reg365.net2016-12-17 → 2016-12-17 · 3 obs

● 2016-12-17 00:27:16
○ 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

●NSns3.ca.topsec.com2026-03-12 → 2026-03-12 · 3 obs

○ 2017-11-28 15:37:40
● 2026-03-12 22:06:40
● 2026-03-12 22:06:42

○NSns3.ca.topsectechnology.net2017-11-28 → 2017-11-28 · 4 obs

○ 2016-12-17 00:27:16
● 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

●NSns4.eu.topsec.com2026-03-12 → 2026-03-12 · 3 obs

○ 2017-11-28 15:37:40
● 2026-03-12 22:06:40
● 2026-03-12 22:06:42

○NSns4.eu.topsectechnology.net2017-11-28 → 2017-11-28 · 4 obs

○ 2016-12-17 00:27:16
● 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

○MXfwd0.hosts.co.uk2016-12-17 → 2017-11-28 · 4 obs

● 2016-12-17 00:27:16
● 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

○MXfwd1.hosts.co.uk2016-12-17 → 2017-11-28 · 4 obs

● 2016-12-17 00:27:16
● 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

○MXfwd2.hosts.co.uk2016-12-17 → 2017-11-28 · 4 obs

● 2016-12-17 00:27:16
● 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

●A20.107.224.572026-03-12 → 2026-03-12 · 3 obs

○ 2017-11-28 15:37:40
● 2026-03-12 22:06:40
● 2026-03-12 22:06:42

○A85.233.160.222016-12-17 → 2017-11-28 · 4 obs

● 2016-12-17 00:27:16
● 2017-11-28 15:37:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:40
○ 2026-03-12 22:06:42

🔍 DNS Trace

📋 Delegation Chain

Zone	Nameservers	Glue
com	a.gtld-servers.net, b.gtld-servers.net, c.gtld-servers.net, d.gtld-servers.net...	-
causewaystudy.com	ns1.ie.topsec.com, ns2.ie.topsec.com, ns4.eu.topsec.com, ns3.ca.topsec.com	4 records

✅ Authoritative Response

Server: 78.46.147.245

NS records: ns1.ie.topsec.com, ns2.ie.topsec.com, ns4.eu.topsec.com, ns3.ca.topsec.com

🔒 DNSSEC Status

⚠️ Insecure (no DNSSEC)

No DS record for causewaystudy.com (unsigned zone)

⏱️ Timing

Total: 396ms | Queries: -

📄 Records

Type	Count	Sample Data
A	1	`20.107.224.57`
NS	4	`ns1.ie.topsec.com, ns2.ie.topsec.com...`
TXT	1	`v=spf1 -all`
SOA	1	`ns1.ie.topsec.com hostmaster.topsec.com`

📌 Glue Records Collected

Total: 4

Out-of-bailiwick: 4 (ns1.ie.topsec.com, ns2.ie.topsec.com, ns4.eu.topsec.com...)

Analysis

IP Addresses

causewaystudy.com points to a single IP number: 20.107.224.57.

Other host names, for instance royalgreenland.se, royalgreenland.dk, belfastmet.ac.uk, gaslink.ie and researchandmarkets.com share IP numbers with causewaystudy.com.

Name Servers

causewaystudy.com is delegated to four name servers: ns3.ca.topsec.com, ns4.eu.topsec.com, ns1.ie.topsec.com and ns2.ie.topsec.com.

causewaystudy.com at least partially shares name servers with other domains, for instance isocabfrance.net, kingspanbenchmark.info, digicelcricket.com, southdublinlibraries.ie and radio-roberts.com.

These name servers are commonly used with ns4.eu.topsectechnology.net and ns1.ie.topsectechnology.net.

Host names with a single IP address

ns3.ca.topsec.com points to 35.215.15.148

ns4.eu.topsec.com points to 78.46.147.245

ns1.ie.topsec.com points to 3.251.73.93

ns2.ie.topsec.com points to 54.194.181.89

causewaystudy.com - robtex.com